In the third instalment of our series on Canada’s Victoria-Class replacement, Bob Davidson, Mark Norman, and Luc Cassivi discuss the challenges of the current procurement process and the need for acceleration to replace our aging submarine fleet, the merits of conventional versus nuclear submarines, with conventional options seen as more suitable for Canada’s operational needs, the potential benefits of joining the AUKUS pact, alongside the importance of industry partnerships and leveraging emerging technologies, such as unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs), to enhance future submarine capabilities.